Brake Shoes vs Brake Pads – Today, cars are more customizable than ever. There are options for exterior color(s), interiors, features, technology, seats, and almost everything in between. While disc brakes with pads are pretty much standard on any new car these days, it wasn’t always like that.
Those looking to buy a specific type of used car need to understand that two types of braking systems were typically used; disc brakes (with brake pads) and drum brakes (with brake shoes). Sometimes, drum brakes were the standard option on a vehicle with disc brakes being an optional upgrade.
This article looks at the differences between brake pads and brake shoes which are critical in helping your vehicle come to a stop.
Brake Shoes vs Brake Pads
Disc brakes are the most common system for braking. It consists of a disc (rotor), caliper, and two brake pads at each wheel to create friction that will slow your car down. This friction is created by the two pads being pressed up against each side of the spinning rotor.
This system works well because it doesn’t generate a ton of heat. These days, disc brakes with brake pads are used on all four wheels but some vehicles may have brake pads on the wheels of the front axle and brake shoes on the wheels of the rear axle.
Brake shoes are an older system but are still used on the rear axle wheels of some vehicles. Instead of pads squeezing the brake rotor on disc brakes, the brake shoe pushes outward against a brake drum and causes friction that way.
This system generates a lot more heat than a disc brake setup, but the cost of replacing these pieces is much lower. The lower cost is because of the fact that brake shoes are older and easier to manufacture.
Brake Pad Materials
Brake pads can be made of several different materials. Each material offers its own benefits and pitfalls.
The cheapest and most common material is semi-metallic. It is called semi-metallic because while there are metal shavings in the pad, it is held together with resin. This material is heavy, impacting the gas mileage of the car. This material will also cause the most wear and tear on the rotors of the car.
The most quickly worn out brake pads are ones made from organic materials. This might appeal to people that want to be a little more environmentally friendly, but these pads will wear down extremely quickly and will also release dust when braking. These pads are also the quietest which might appeal to some people.
The most expensive material on the market is ceramic. These brake pads are lightweight and durable, but the cost is more than any of the others, which can make these the least appealing option for some people.
Really, which material you opt for will be because of what you can afford and maybe even at the suggestion of a professional. But know that you have even more options when it comes to your brake pads.
Brake Shoe Materials
Because brake shoes are an older technology, they have used a number of different linings to press against the drum. Before the adverse effects of asbestos were discovered, asbestos was the most commonly used material in the brake shoe.
Nowadays, brake shoes use a lining made of synthetic aramid. Aramid fiber is used in several different things but is a common replacement for anything that used asbestos before. This isn’t the only material used, but because of its heat-resistance, the synthetic fibers are often one of the favorites.
Which material you decide to use will probably be from what is available or suggested by the mechanic that is working on your car.
Brake Pad Replacement Cost
While typical quotes for brake replacement include the labor, it is important to know how much the parts are costing you. For brake pads with a range of different materials, you wind up with a range of cost that you can wind up paying.
The lower end materials (ie: semi-metallic) could cost as little as $50 per axle, but the higher end ceramics could cost as much as $150 per axle with organics somewhere in the middle. These costs will fluctuate with the places that you go.
There could also be an increase in cost when you’re going to a mechanic because they’re ordering the parts for you. But when you add on the cost of labor for brake pads alone, then replacing an axel’s worth of brake pads can cost $100 to $200.
But that cost will depend on the kind of brake pad you want. A set of good brake pads may cost you $30 per axle but going with the best brake pads can cost 2-3 times that. If you have the skill and ability to change the brake pads yourself, you can cut your costs way down.
Brake Pad FAQs
What are brake pads?
How often should brake pads be replaced?
What are the signs of worn brake pads?
1. Squealing or squeaking noise: High-pitched noises when applying the brakes can indicate that the brake pads are worn and need replacement.
2. Grinding noise: A grinding or metallic scraping noise when braking suggests that the brake pads are severely worn, and the metal backing is making contact with the brake rotors. Immediate replacement is necessary.
3. Reduced braking performance: If you notice that it takes longer to stop the vehicle or the brake pedal feels less responsive, it may be due to worn brake pads.
4. Visual inspection: You can visually inspect the brake pads through the wheel spokes. If the friction material is less than 1/4 inch (6mm) thick, it is a sign that the pads are nearing the end of their life and should be replaced.
Can I replace only one brake pad, or should they be replaced as a set?
What factors should I consider when choosing brake pads?
1. Driving style: Different brake pads are designed for various driving styles, such as everyday commuting, high-performance driving, or towing. Choose pads that align with your driving needs.
2. Brake pad material: Brake pads are available in various materials, including organic, semi-metallic, and ceramic. Each material has different characteristics related to noise, dust generation, braking performance, and heat resistance. Consider your priorities and consult manufacturer recommendations or professional advice to select the appropriate material.
3. Vehicle compatibility: Ensure that the brake pads you choose are compatible with your specific vehicle make, model, and brake system. Check manufacturer guidelines or consult with a professional mechanic to ensure proper fitment.
Can I install brake pads myself, or should I seek professional help?
Brake Shoe Replacement Cost
With the fact that brake shoes are older systems and easier to manufacture, you can expect to pay a little less for replacing these parts than you would for the brake pads. However, just as with the brake pads, there is a range of costs since there is more than one material that you can use for your car.
Some places may charge only $100 for both the materials and the labor required to deal with brake shoes, but you could easily wind up paying up $300 if you want better materials and are having a mechanic doing the replacement for you.
As with replacing brake pads, if you can do the physical labor yourself, then you can cut costs way down by just paying for the parts. However, the time that you dedicate to this work is also a cost to consider.
Brake Shoe FAQs
What are brake shoes?
How often should brake shoes be replaced?
What are the signs of worn brake shoes?
1. Reduced braking performance: If you notice that it takes longer to stop the vehicle or the brake pedal feels less responsive, it may be due to worn brake shoes.
2. Noise from the brakes: Squealing, scraping, or grinding noises when applying the brakes can indicate that the brake shoes are worn and in need of replacement.
3. Visible wear: You can visually inspect the brake shoes through the inspection hole or by removing the brake drum. If the friction material is worn down to 1/8 inch (3mm) or less, it is a sign that the brake shoes should be replaced.
Can I replace only one brake shoe, or should they be replaced as a set?
Can I install brake shoes myself, or should I seek professional help?
Conclusion
Knowing just how your car’s brakes work can help you save money and time when you need to replace them. If you don’t do a lot of driving with your car, having brake shoes might be the least expensive choice if you have that option.
However, disc brakes with brake pads are the most efficient system of the two. In fact, almost all modern cars are produced with brake pads on all four corners and at the very least, the front axle. So while most newer vehicles no longer offer the choice of brake pads vs brake shoes, those looking to purchase a used vehicle can use this knowledge to make sure the brake system of the vehicle is being considered in the potential purchase.